Lub foob pob carbon muaj keeb kwm ntev. Graphite yog ib qho isoform ntawm cov ntsiab lus carbon. Xyoo 1971, Tebchaws Meskas tau kawm txog cov khoom siv foob pob graphite uas ua tau zoo, uas daws qhov xau ntawm lub zog atomic valve. Tom qab ua tiav qhov tob, cov graphite uas ua tau zoo dhau los ua cov khoom siv foob zoo heev, uas tau ua rau ntau yam foob pob carbon nrog cov nyhuv ntawm cov khoom foob. Cov foob pob carbon no siv rau hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, roj av, hluav taws xob xws li foob dej kub siab.
Vim tias cov graphite uas yoog tau yog tsim los ntawm kev nthuav dav ntawm cov graphite uas nthuav dav tom qab kub siab, qhov ntau ntawm cov neeg sawv cev intercalating uas tseem nyob hauv cov graphite uas yoog tau yog me heev, tab sis tsis tag nrho, yog li qhov muaj thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov neeg sawv cev intercalation muaj feem cuam tshuam loj rau qhov zoo thiab kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom.